From Then to Now (and Beyond): The Advancement of Multimode Optics

Multimode optics, including multimode VCSEL-based transceivers and multimode fiber, has been dominating data center short-reach links. Why? Because they can offer:

  • Lower link costs
  • Less power consumption
  • Higher resistance to fiber misalignment and dirt at connections

There are many innovations in multimode optics on the horizon that will address several challenges, helping support and refine the appeal of multimode optics in the years to come. Let’s discuss them here.

 

VCSEL: The Light Source of Multimode Optics

VCSEL stands for “vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser.” Because of its moderate cost, low power consumption and ability to be manuafactured at high volume in production facilities, it is the light source used for multimode optical transmission.

A VCSEL is typically comprised of 40 to 60 layers of alternating semiconductor materials, each λ/ 4 deep; the bottom and top mirrors of the cavity are made with distributed Bragg reflectors (DBRs).

 

Economic Advantages of Multimode Optics

When measured to singlemode optics, multimode optics continue to be the cost-effective choice for shorter-reach data center applications. The cost of multimode fiber cable is higher than that of singlemode fiber cable, but multimode transceivers are what bring the price down:

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How to Earn LEED Materials & Resources Points for Green Buildings

LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) is an ecology-oriented building certification program run under the auspices of the U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC)

When LEED v4 was launched in 2013, many changes came along with it. One of the major adjustments, in our opinion, has to do with an overhaul of the LEED Materials & Resources credits.

LEED v3 called on project crews to source building products based on a percentage of the total cost of materials that made up the LEED building project. It focused exclusively on single product attributes (such as recycled content) and materials costs.

LEED v4 instead places urgency on the importance of product lifecycle and transparency of product ingredients. LEED Materials & Resources credits now encourage project teams to invest in products and materials that disclose lifecycle information, track environmental impacts of products and reveal the chemical ingredients used in the product. Not only does this switch to the LEED Materials & Resources credits encourage project teams to spend time seeking out environmentally responsible products, but it also benefit manufacturers that produce products with improved (and verified) lifecycle impacts.

 

How to Earn LEED Materials & Resources Points

To gain points in the LEED Materials & Resources category, project teams will need to source 20 qualifying products sourced from five different qualifying manufacturers. These manufacturers, and the products they produce, that have environmental product declarations (EPDs) and either health product declarations (HPDs) or material health assessments (MHAs) can contribute to LEED points.

Even if you’re not currently pursuing a LEED project, paying attention to the building products you use – including cable – offers benefits. Products that can offer LEED Materials & Resources credits ensure that:

  • Products and materials have known hazards revealed
  • Products and materials have undergone processes to document their lifecycle and environmental impacts

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Know Your Fiber Link Budget

With data centers migrating to 40G, 100G, 200G and even 400G, fiber link performance becomes more significant than ever before. A dead fiber link causes system downtime, which costs your organization revenue, frustrates users and increases total cost of ownership.

Through a stream of blogs, we will explain the basics of fiber link models and power budgets (the amount of loss a data link can tolerate while maintaining proper operation) using multimode fiber and singlemode fiber.

To understand this, it’s vital to start with the basics – which is what we’ll cover here.

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2017 And Digital Buildings

What is a Digital Building?

A digital building is seamless in operation, thanks to its connected infrastructure. Building systems that have stood alone for years using a combination of twisted-pair cabling, AC power and video cable – voice, data, wireless, lighting, security, AV, etc. – can now be networked together using one common infrastructure. All of these devices, which use Internet protocol (IP) to send and receive data via the network, converge under one umbrella for cost savings, easier maintenance and better building control.

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4 Ways to Reinforce Your Network with Digital Infrastructure

We have proclaimed 2017 to be “the year of the digital building.” A digital building operates its network to connect previously standalone building systems together using one common, connected digital infrastructure. Through Internet protocol (IP), these devices can send and receive data via the network.

Can we support this ubiquitous LAN (a phrase we coined in 2016 to describe bringing traditionally separate, standalone building systems together under one network) with our digital infrastructure? We’ve mentioned before that your digital infrastructure will make or break your network. The best, most high-performing building systems designed to connect via IP and transmit/receive data won’t do you any good if your digital infrastructure can not provide reliable uptime and fast speeds for data sharing and consumption.

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The Advantages of High-Quality, Low-Loss Fiber Connectivity

Data centers and LANs are migrating effortlessly from 10G to 40G and 100G Ethernet to provide scalability and accommodate more bandwidth as future applications become reality; meanwhile, the imminent deployment requirements of next-generation 200G and 400G Ethernet speeds are already in range, mainly driven by cloud data centers and the wireless 5G ecosystem.

In previous blogs, we’ve discussed the differences between singlemode and multimode transceivers, and the differences between “fiber link budget” and “channel insertion loss” as they relate to this migration. When it comes to actual deployment, however, it’s crucial to note that a high-quality, low-loss fiber solution makes all the difference when it comes to reducing risk, avoiding performance errors and minimizing total cost of ownership.

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Understanding Alien Crosstalk

The industry has been forecasting the expansion of 10GBASE-T for years, and has finally occurred. More networks are planning 10G migrations. Why? Due to demand from more advanced devices, users and applications.

New concerns come into play with this Ethernet standard. Alien crosstalk – the interference caused by wire pairs in one cable inducing noise into other wire pairs in adjacent cables – is the transmission parameter that has remarkable impact on 10GBASE-T performance.

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Understanding TSN? Understand Its Role in Future Ethernet Networks

Following new trends and technologies, you’ve possibly been hearing a lot about time sensitive networking (TSN). It’s a relatively new technology, have you been wondering, “what is TSN?” and “why does it concern my company?”

As you may have read in this previous post about TSN, this new technology transforms standard Ethernet from an “I’ll get it there as soon as I can” communications technology to one that provides timing assurance for mission-critical applications. Now, you can achieve an entirely new level of determinism in IEEE 802.1 and IEEE 802.3 Ethernet networks.

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3 Ways Data Centers Can Use CFD Modeling

You might of heard about computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling when it comes to the design of high-performance Formula 1 racecars. By using CFD modeling to maximize down-flow forces while minimizing friction – for the racecar body and smaller “wings and struts” – Formula 1 produces a winning combination.

In a similar manner, CFD can be utilised in today’s data centers during design, capacity planning, troubleshooting and day-to-day operations. It can be used to properly develop the best design and operations solutions throughout the entire data center ecosystem, from the micro environment (chips) to enclosure environments (cabinets and containment) to the macro environment (computer white space and the entire data center hall).

Here are three ways in which your data center ecosystem can benefit from CFD.

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Bending Loss – The Risks of Reusing Installed Fiber Cable

Due to its ultra-high data transmission capacity, ultra-low loss and installation flexibility, glass optical fiber is the most engery-efficient data transmission media available today. Optical fiber cables have been distributed worldwide to connect people and “things” together.

Stated by CRU’s Optical Fibre and Cable Monitor, last year, the global optical cable demand reached 318 million kilometers in the first three quarters of 2016.

As we mentioned in a previous blog, two types of optical fiber are available for different network environments and link distances:

  • Multimode fiber (MMF) for short-reach links up to a few hundred meters, typically used in data centers environments
  • Singlemode fiber (SMF) for long-reach links, such as in LANs, access networks, metro/transport networks and hyperscale data centers

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